Das Lokale und Translokale mittels institutioneller Ethnografie navigieren: die Erkundung ethischer Grauzonen in der Beziehung zwischen Forscher*innen und Informant*innen in der Demenzforschung
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-26.2.4350Schlagworte:
institutionelle Ethnografie, Lehre, entdeckende Verfahren, Ethik, vulnerable GruppenAbstract
Die institutionelle Ethnografie (IE) basiert auf der Idee, dass Machtstrukturen, die das tägliche Leben prägen, aus der unmittelbaren Perspektive des oder der Einzelnen nicht vollständig verstanden werden können. IE-Forscher*innen blicken daher über das lokale Umfeld und individuelle Erfahrungen hinaus, um zu analysieren, wie diese umfassenderen Herrschaftsverhältnisse Alltagspraktiken beeinflussen. Anhand von zwei sich ergänzenden Studien untersuchen wir die praktischen und ethischen Herausforderungen, die sich für diejenigen ergeben, die IE-Forschung betreiben, lehren oder betreuen, wenn sie die herrschenden Beziehungen, die lokale und translokale Kontexte miteinander verbinden, identifizieren und kartieren. Es handelt sich zum einen um ein norwegisches Projekt über den Zugang pflegender Angehöriger zu formalen Gesundheitsdiensten, zum anderen um eine kanadische Untersuchung darüber, wie pflegende Angehörige und bezahltes Personal mit Informationen über die Demenzpflege umgehen. Auf der Grundlage der Erfahrungen und Erkenntnisse aus diesen Projekten identifizieren wir drei ethische Grauzonen, die bei der Navigation zwischen lokalen und translokalen Kontexten eine Rolle spielen: 1. das Erklären von IE-Konzepten für Informant*innen mit begrenztem Forschungswissen; 2. der Umgang mit Daten von unterschiedlichen Informant*innengruppen; und 3. das Erzeugen von Ergebnissen, die den Teilnehmer*innen nutzen und gleichzeitig potenziell unbequemes Wissen über ihre Institutionen offenbaren. Abschließend regen wir einen fortlaufenden Dialog unter IE-Forschenden über die ethischen Probleme an, die mit einer solchen Arbeit verbunden sind.
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