Konsensfindung in der teambasierten qualitativen Forschung: Herausforderungen und Strategien
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-26.3.4386Schlagworte:
qualitative Kodierung, qualitative Gesundheitsforschung, Qualitätskriterien, Strenge, VertrauenswürdigkeitAbstract
Viele Forscher*innen gehen davon aus, dass die teambasierte qualitative Forschung die Qualität verbessert, Bedeutungen vertieft und Voreingenommenheit durch die Integration mehrerer Perspektiven verringert. Diese Annahme wird nur selten infrage gestellt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit kritisiere ich sie mit Blick auf Machtungleichgewichte, Anpassungsdruck und Verhandlungen innerhalb von Forschungsteams. Rückgreifend auf qualitative Methoden, psychologische Befunde und das Konzept der epistemischen Gerechtigkeit argumentiere ich, dass Gruppenkodierungen die Bedeutungsgebung einschränken, abweichende Meinungen entmutigen und vorherrschenden Perspektiven verstärken können. Mit der Untersuchung einer Teamdynamik zeige ich exemplarisch, wie ein erzwungener Konsens die Vertrauenswürdigkeit der Befunde schwächte. Statt sich auf den Konsens der Forschenden zu verlassen, ist ein reflexiver Ansatz erforderlich, bei dem Transparenz, strukturierte Debatten und Integrität im Vordergrund stehen. Ich schlage Strategien zur Verringerung von Voreingenommenheit vor, darunter Teamstrukturen, Prüfpfade und klare Schritte zur Lösung von Interpretationsunterschieden.
Downloads
Literaturhinweise
Alcoff, Linda Martín (2010). Epistemic identities. Episteme, 7(2), 128-137.
Asch, Solomon E. (1956). Studies of independence and conformity: I. A minority of one against a unanimous majority. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 70(9), 1-70.
Berger, Roni (2015). Now I see it, now I don't: Researcher's position and reflexivity in qualitative research. Qualitative Research, 15(2), 219-234.
Birt, Linda; Scott, Suzanne; Cavers, Debbie; Campbell, Cristine & Walter, Fiona (2016). Member checking: A tool to enhance trustworthiness or merely a nod to validation?. Qualitative Health Research, 26(13), 1802-1811.
Bourdieu, Pierre (1988 [1984]). Homo academicus. Stanford University Press.
Braun, Virginia & Clarke, Victoria (2021). Can I use TA? Should I use TA? Should I not use TA? Comparing reflexive thematic analysis and other pattern-based qualitative analytic approaches. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 21(1), 37-47.
Braun, Virginia & Clarke, Victoria (2024). Supporting best practice in reflexive thematic analysis reporting in Palliative Medicine: A review of published research and introduction to the Reflexive Thematic Analysis Reporting Guidelines (RTARG). Palliative Medicine, 38(6), 608-616, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02692163241234800 [Accessed: May 29, 2025].
Creswell, John W. & Poth, Cheryl N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Denzin, Norman K. & Lincoln, Yvonna S. (2011). The Sage handbook of qualitative research (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Fricker, Miranda (2007). Epistemic injustice: Power and the ethics of knowing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hall, Jori N.; Mitchel, Nia; Halpin, Sean N. & Kilanko, Glory A. (2023). Using focus groups for empowerment purposes in qualitative health research and evaluation. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 26(4), 409-423, https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2022.2049518 [Accessed: May 29, 2025].
Halpin, Sean N. (2024). Inter-coder agreement in qualitative coding: Considerations for its use. American Journal of Qualitative Research, 8(3), 23-43, https://doi.org/10.29333/ajqr/14887 [Accessed: May 29, 2025].
Halpin, Sean N. & Konomos, Michael (2022). An iterative formative evaluation of medical education for multiple myeloma patients receiving autologous stem cell transplant. Journal of Cancer Education, 37(3), 779-787.
Halpin, Sean N.; Konomos, Michael & Roulston, Kathryn (2021). Using applied conversation analysis in patient education. Global Qualitative Nursing Research, 8, 23333936211012990, https://doi.org/10.1177/23333936211012990 [Accessed: May 29, 2025].
Halpin, Sean N.; Konomos, Michael & Roulston, Kathryn (2022). Using conversation analysis to appraise how novel educational videos impact patient medical education. Patient Education and Counseling, 105(7), 2027-2032.
Halpin, Sean N.; Wright, Rebecca; Gwaltney, Angela; Frantz, Annabelle; Peay, Holly; Olsson, Emily; Raspa, Melissa; Gehtland, Lisa & Andrews, Sara M. (2025). Assessing the acceptability of using patient portals to recruit pregnant women and new mothers for maternal-child health research. JAMIA Open, 8(3), ooaf027, https://doi.org/10.1093/jamiaopen/ooaf027 [Accessed: May 29, 2025].
Holmes, Andrew G.D. (2020). Researcher positionality: A consideration of its influence and place in qualitative research. Shanlax International Journal of Education, 8(4), 1-10, https://doi.org/10.34293/education.v8i4.3232 [Accessed: May 29, 2025].
Horner, Bruce (2002). Critical ethnography, ethics, and work: Rearticulating labor. JAC, 22(3), 561-584.
Janis, Irving L. (1982). Groupthink: Psychological studies of policy decisions and fiascoes (2nd ed.). Boston; MA: Houghton Mifflin.
Kahneman, Daniel (2011). Thinking, fast and slow. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Karnieli-Miller, Orit; Strier, Roni & Pessach, Liat (2009). Power relations in qualitative research. Qualitative Health Research, 19(2), 279-289.
Krippendorff, Klaus (2018). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Lincoln, Yvonna S. & Guba, Egon G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
MacPhail, Catherine; Khoza, Nomhle; Abler, Laurie & Ranganathan, Meghna (2016). Process guidelines for establishing intercoder reliability in qualitative studies. Qualitative Research, 16(2), 198-212.
Mauthner, Natasha S. & Doucet, Andrea (2003). Reflexive accounts and accounts of reflexivity in qualitative data analysis. Sociology, 37(3), 413-431.
Mauthner, Natasha S. & Doucet, Andrea (2008). "Knowledge once divided can be hard to put together again": An epistemological critique of collaborative and team-based research practices. Sociology, 42(5), 971-985.
Metcalfe, Mike. (2005). Generalisation: Learning across epistemologies. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 6(1), Art. 17, https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-6.1.525 [Accessed: May 29, 2025].
Morse, Janice M. (2015). Critical analysis of strategies for determining rigor in qualitative inquiry. Qualitative Health Research, 25(9), 1212-1222.
Nickerson, Raymond S. (1998). Confirmation bias: A ubiquitous phenomenon in many guises. Review of General Psychology, 2(2), 175-220.
Nowell, Lorelli S.; Norris, Jill M.; White, Deborah E. & Moules, Nancy J. (2017). Thematic analysis: Striving to meet the trustworthiness criteria. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 16(1), 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847 [Accessed: May 29, 2025].
O'Connor, Cliodhna & Joffe, Helene (2020). Intercoder reliability in qualitative research: Debates and practical guidelines. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 19, 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406919899220 [Accessed: May 29, 2025].
Reichertz, Jo (2019). Method police or quality assurance? Two patterns of interpretation in the struggle for supremacy in qualitative social research. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 20(1), Art. 11, https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-20.1.3205 [Accessed: May 29, 2025].
Roulston, Kathryn & Halpin, Sean N. (2022). Designing qualitative research using interview data. In Uwe Flick (Ed.), The Sage handbook of qualitative research design, 667-683. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Saldaña, Johnny (2021). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Springett, Jane; Atkey, Kayla; Kongats, Krystyna; Zulla, Rosslynn & Wilkins, Emma (2016). Conceptualizing quality in participatory health research: A Phenomenographic inquiry. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 17(2), Art. 16, http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/fqs-17.2.2568 [Accessed: May 29, 2025].
Tracy, Sarah J. (2010). Qualitative quality: Eight "big-tent" criteria for excellent qualitative research. Qualitative Inquiry, 16(10), 837-851.
Downloads
Veröffentlicht
Zitationsvorschlag
Ausgabe
Rubrik
Lizenz
Copyright (c) 2025 Sean Halpin

Dieses Werk steht unter der Lizenz Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International.