Co-Kreation von Forschungsdesigns: Wie lässt sich die Beteiligung an sozialen Studien mit traditionellen Methoden erreichen?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-26.3.4381Schlagworte:
qualitative Methoden, partizipative Methoden, Datentriangulation, ukrainische Zwangsmigration, Fokusgruppeninterviews, individuelle Tiefeninterviews, WissenskoproduktionAbstract
Während traditionelle Methoden wie Fokusgruppeninterviews (FGIs) und individuelle Tiefeninterviews (ITIs) in der Sozialforschung gut etabliert sind, ist ihre innovative Anwendung in der partizipativen Forschung noch wenig erforscht. In diesem Artikel schließen wir diese Lücke, indem wir ein Design vorstellen, bei dem qualitative Datentriangulation mit einem partizipativen Ansatz kombiniert wurde. Die Studie umfasste halbstrukturierte ITIs mit Zwangsmigrantinnen aus der ukrainischen Mittelschicht, denen FGIs mit ukrainischen Expertinnen – Praktikerinnen mit sowohl beruflicher als auch persönlicher Migrationserfahrung – vorausgingen und folgten. Mit den ersten FGIs unterstützten wir die partizipative Entwicklung des Forschungsthemas und des Interviewleitfadens und stellten so Relevanz und ethische Sensibilität sicher. Die abschließende FGI ermöglichte es derselben Gruppe von Expertinnen, die Ergebnisse der ITIs gemeinsam zu interpretieren und ihre praktische Anwendung zu diskutieren. Dieser ko-kreative Prozess ermöglichte ein gegenseitiges Lernen zwischen Forscherinnen und Akteurinnen und erhöhte die ethische Verantwortlichkeit und analytische Tiefe der Studie. Wir diskutieren sowohl das Potenzial als auch die Grenzen dieses Ansatzes und argumentieren, dass traditionelle qualitative Methoden in Kombination mit partizipativen Elementen die Koproduktion von Wissen und die Wirkung sozialwissenschaftlicher Forschung erheblich verbessern können. Wir tragen zur Entwicklung von Forschungsmethoden bei und fördern die weitere Anpassung partizipativer Strategien in der qualitativen Forschung, indem wir praktische Einblicke in die Konzeption und Umsetzung dieser Methode bieten.
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